Bedding:

Please do as much research as possible when choosing the proper bedding for your rats habitat.  My main recommendation is KILN DRIED ONLY Aspen Pine, and Hemp.  The main thing to look out for is low dust and low "fragrance". Some brands tend to be dustier than others and some tend to have a smell to them. Rats have a VERY sensitive respiratory system, so high dust and fragrance can cause issues for them and even trigger an Upper Respiratory Issue. Some Pine can also be found in "pellet" like form rather than shavings...this works also. I recommend sourcing it directly from a feed store, if possible.  Please also be sure to freeze your bedding before using it.  This can eliminate the possibility of mites, lice, etc that *may* be present)

Here is what you'll find in our habitats at Little Whiskers Rattery:

Aspen or Pine(FLAKE SHAVING), as main substrate for the cage flooring. I purchase in bulk from the local feed store.  The specific type I get is "FLAKE". I like using this because the shavings are larger pieces and there is almost NO dust! Fine shavings are more likely to be dusty.  

Coco Coir for dig boxes (must be kept moist)

For Nesting: ECO BEDDING FiberCore Natural and Botanical Hay for Nesting and Dig boxes 

 

Not Recommended and Why:

Paper bedding, This does not absorb the urine and ends up turning into a sloppy, soggy mess.  Many brands are also very dusty and ultra processed

Cotton Fluff or Sand,  SO DANGEROUS

Hay does not work as a main bedding. This can only be used for play or nesting.(Make sure they aren't eating it a lot either.  My rats very rarely will eat it but they love digging and making nests with hay!)

Fleece or Fabric, I typically do not recommend using fabrics as they do not absorb the urine well. The rats tend to chew them and drag them around the cage anyways and make a mess.  The only acceptation to this is if your rat has sensitivity to shavings, which I believe to be rare.